NAVIGATING RELATIONAL SPACES FOR CREATIVITY: THE COMPLEMENTARY ROLES OF GENERALIZED AND RECIPROCAL SOCIAL EXCHANGE IN R&D TEAMS

Abstract

This article explores how different forms of social exchange support the creative process. Drawing
on Flynn’s (2005) distinction between generalized and reciprocal social exchange, we present a
qualitative case study of an R&D department in a global tech company, analyzing each form’s
contribution to the emergence and development of creativity. Generalized exchange—characterized
by playful, spontaneous group interactions—fosters cognitive flexibility, collective engagement,
and a sense of belonging. Reciprocal exchange—rooted in mutual trust and emotional closeness—
provides targeted support and psychological safety during critical moments in the creative process.
Our findings indicate the importance of enabling both generalized social exchange-based creative
interactions and opportunities for individuals to step back and develop bilateral ties that serve as a
‘safety net’ for creativity. We recommend that human resource professionals facilitate both relational
spaces, as they are complementary and essential for creativity to thrive. Given that researchers must
navigate between these two relational spaces to sustain their creativity, human resource managers
should also ensure a fluid transition from one to the other by designing organizational cultures and
spaces that allow individuals to move freely between both relational spaces as needed.