Parallel economy from delinquency for survival to delinquency for profit

Abstract

The concept of an underground economy encompasses all sorts of illegal activities producing significant financial gain to unscrupulous individuals who sometimes acquire considerable wealth. However those concerned are
not all alike. Depending on the antisocial activity, the criminal profiles may be radically different, especially if we
compare drug dealers (the youngest) with tax evaders and swindlers (the oldest).
Furthermore, the course followed by dirty money corresponds to these criminal profiles. It is spent very ostensibly by the youngest, while it is invested in property or transferred abroad by the most hardened and oldest criminals.