Mesure de l’épaisseur intima média carotidienne dans une population d’hypertendus sénégalais: une étude transversale à propos de 144 cas.

Abstract

Measurement of carotid intima-media thickness
among Senegalese hypertensive patients: A crosssectional study about 144 cases
Introduction : Intima-media thickness is considered as
a marker of cardiovascular risk. It represents the earliest
form currently detectable of atherosclerosis.
In this work, we measured the carotid intima-media
thickness in a hypertensive population, determined the
prevalence of increased carotid intima-media thickness
and looked for correlation with cardiovascular risk factors
and cardiovascular global risk calculated according to
Framingham score.
Patients and methods : We achieved a cross-sectional
study on hypertensive population followed in a cardiology
department. Cardiovascular risk factors have been identified and the cardiovascular risk determined by the
Framingham score. The measurement of carotid intimamedia thickness was performed by manual method at the
posterior wall of right and left common carotid and then
averaging the two values was used.
Results : The sample consisted of 144 hypertensive
patients (60.4 % of women). The mean age was of 61.75 ±
7.5 years (35 and 89 years). Identified cardiovascular risk
factors were dominated by diabetes (16 %), obesity (18.7
%), total cholesterol (59 %) and left ventricular
hypertrophy (40.2 %). The cardiovascular global risk was
very high in 18 % of patients according to Framingham
score. The carotid intima-media thickness was increased in
70.1% of our patients. It was correlated with age above 50
years and the level of cardiovascular risk (p = 0,02).
Conclusion : The prevalence of intima-media thickness
is increased in senegalese with hypertension (70.1%). Its
measurement has allowed us to better determine the level
of cardiovascular risk of our patients. Its use should be
popularized to better cardiovascular prevention.